Ozone uptake by citrus trees exposed to a range of ozone concentrations
Identifieur interne : 001C67 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001C66; suivant : 001C68Ozone uptake by citrus trees exposed to a range of ozone concentrations
Auteurs : Silvano Fares [États-Unis, Italie] ; Jeong-Hoo Park [États-Unis] ; Elena Ormeno [États-Unis] ; Drew R. Gentner [États-Unis] ; Megan Mckay [États-Unis] ; Francesco Loreto [Italie] ; John Karlik [États-Unis] ; Allen H. Goldstein [États-Unis]Source :
- Atmospheric environment : (1994) [ 1352-2310 ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Ozone, Captation, Climat méditerranéen, Eté, Verger, Troposphère, Composé organique volatil, Azote, Oxyde d'azote, Dioxyde d'azote, Qualité air, Echelon régional, Facteur biogène, Polluant secondaire, Aérosol, Composé organique, Réaction phase gazeuse, Feuille végétal, Pollution air, Modélisation, Modèle, Californie, Composé de l'azote, Pollution origine naturelle.
- Wicri :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aerosols, Air pollution, Air quality, Biogenic factor, California, Gaseous phase reaction, Mediterranean climate, Modeling, Models, Natural origin pollution, Nitrogen, Nitrogen compounds, Nitrogen dioxide, Nitrogen oxide, Orchard, Organic compounds, Ozone, Plant leaf, Regional scope, Secondary pollutant, Summer, Troposphere, Uptake, Volatile organic compound.
Abstract
The Citrus genus includes a large number of species and varieties widely cultivated in the Central Valley of California and in many other countries having similar Mediterranean climates. In the summer, orchards in California experience high levels of tropospheric ozone, formed by reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) with oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Citrus trees may improve air quality in the orchard environment by taking up ozone through stomatal and non-stomatal mechanisms, but they may ultimately be detrimental to regional air quality by emitting biogenic VOC (BVOC) that oxidize to form ozone and secondary organic aerosol downwind of the site of emission. BVOC also play a key role in removing ozone through gas-phase chemical reactions in the intercellular spaces of the leaves and in ambient air outside the plants. Ozone is known to oxidize leaf tissues after entering stomata, resulting in decreased carbon assimilation and crop yield. To characterize ozone deposition and BVOC emissions for lemon (Citrus limon), mandarin (Citrus reticulata), and orange (Citrus sinensis), we designed branch enclosures that allowed direct measurement of fluxes under different physiological conditions in a controlled greenhouse environment. Average ozone uptake was up to 11 nmol s-1 m-2 of leaf. At low concentrations of ozone (40 ppb), measured ozone deposition was higher than expected ozone deposition modeled on the basis of stomatal aperture and ozone concentration. Our results were in better agreement with modeled values when we included non-stomatal ozone loss by reaction with gas-phase BVOC emitted from the citrus plants. At high ozone concentrations (160 ppb), the measured ozone deposition was lower than modeled, and we speculate that this indicates ozone accumulation in the leaf mesophyll.
Affiliations:
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Gentner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>University of California Berkeley, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mckay, Megan" sort="Mckay, Megan" uniqKey="Mckay M" first="Megan" last="Mckay">Megan Mckay</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>University of California Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, 137 Mulford Hall</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loreto, Francesco" sort="Loreto, Francesco" uniqKey="Loreto F" first="Francesco" last="Loreto">Francesco Loreto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>CNR (National Research Council), Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante</s1><s2>Sesto Fiorentino, Florence</s2><s3>ITA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Italie</country><wicri:noRegion>Sesto Fiorentino, Florence</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karlik, John" sort="Karlik, John" uniqKey="Karlik J" first="John" last="Karlik">John Karlik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>University of California Cooperative Extension</s1><s3>USA</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>University of California Cooperative Extension</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Allen H" sort="Goldstein, Allen H" uniqKey="Goldstein A" first="Allen H." last="Goldstein">Allen H. Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>University of California Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, 137 Mulford Hall</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>University of California Berkeley, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Atmospheric environment : (1994)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Atmos. environ. : (1994)</title><idno type="ISSN">1352-2310</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Atmospheric environment : (1994)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Atmos. environ. : (1994)</title><idno type="ISSN">1352-2310</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aerosols</term><term>Air pollution</term><term>Air quality</term><term>Biogenic factor</term><term>California</term><term>Gaseous phase reaction</term><term>Mediterranean climate</term><term>Modeling</term><term>Models</term><term>Natural origin pollution</term><term>Nitrogen</term><term>Nitrogen compounds</term><term>Nitrogen dioxide</term><term>Nitrogen oxide</term><term>Orchard</term><term>Organic compounds</term><term>Ozone</term><term>Plant leaf</term><term>Regional scope</term><term>Secondary pollutant</term><term>Summer</term><term>Troposphere</term><term>Uptake</term><term>Volatile organic compound</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ozone</term><term>Captation</term><term>Climat méditerranéen</term><term>Eté</term><term>Verger</term><term>Troposphère</term><term>Composé organique volatil</term><term>Azote</term><term>Oxyde d'azote</term><term>Dioxyde d'azote</term><term>Qualité air</term><term>Echelon régional</term><term>Facteur biogène</term><term>Polluant secondaire</term><term>Aérosol</term><term>Composé organique</term><term>Réaction phase gazeuse</term><term>Feuille végétal</term><term>Pollution air</term><term>Modélisation</term><term>Modèle</term><term>Californie</term><term>Composé de l'azote</term><term>Pollution origine naturelle</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ozone</term><term>Verger</term><term>Azote</term><term>Aérosol</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The Citrus genus includes a large number of species and varieties widely cultivated in the Central Valley of California and in many other countries having similar Mediterranean climates. In the summer, orchards in California experience high levels of tropospheric ozone, formed by reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) with oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>). Citrus trees may improve air quality in the orchard environment by taking up ozone through stomatal and non-stomatal mechanisms, but they may ultimately be detrimental to regional air quality by emitting biogenic VOC (BVOC) that oxidize to form ozone and secondary organic aerosol downwind of the site of emission. BVOC also play a key role in removing ozone through gas-phase chemical reactions in the intercellular spaces of the leaves and in ambient air outside the plants. Ozone is known to oxidize leaf tissues after entering stomata, resulting in decreased carbon assimilation and crop yield. To characterize ozone deposition and BVOC emissions for lemon (Citrus limon), mandarin (Citrus reticulata), and orange (Citrus sinensis), we designed branch enclosures that allowed direct measurement of fluxes under different physiological conditions in a controlled greenhouse environment. Average ozone uptake was up to 11 nmol s<sup>-1</sup> m<sup>-2</sup> of leaf. At low concentrations of ozone (40 ppb), measured ozone deposition was higher than expected ozone deposition modeled on the basis of stomatal aperture and ozone concentration. Our results were in better agreement with modeled values when we included non-stomatal ozone loss by reaction with gas-phase BVOC emitted from the citrus plants. At high ozone concentrations (160 ppb), the measured ozone deposition was lower than modeled, and we speculate that this indicates ozone accumulation in the leaf mesophyll.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Latium</li></region><settlement><li>Rome</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Fares, Silvano" sort="Fares, Silvano" uniqKey="Fares S" first="Silvano" last="Fares">Silvano Fares</name></region><name sortKey="Gentner, Drew R" sort="Gentner, Drew R" uniqKey="Gentner D" first="Drew R." last="Gentner">Drew R. Gentner</name><name sortKey="Goldstein, Allen H" sort="Goldstein, Allen H" uniqKey="Goldstein A" first="Allen H." last="Goldstein">Allen H. Goldstein</name><name sortKey="Goldstein, Allen H" sort="Goldstein, Allen H" uniqKey="Goldstein A" first="Allen H." last="Goldstein">Allen H. Goldstein</name><name sortKey="Karlik, John" sort="Karlik, John" uniqKey="Karlik J" first="John" last="Karlik">John Karlik</name><name sortKey="Mckay, Megan" sort="Mckay, Megan" uniqKey="Mckay M" first="Megan" last="Mckay">Megan Mckay</name><name sortKey="Ormeno, Elena" sort="Ormeno, Elena" uniqKey="Ormeno E" first="Elena" last="Ormeno">Elena Ormeno</name><name sortKey="Park, Jeong Hoo" sort="Park, Jeong Hoo" uniqKey="Park J" first="Jeong-Hoo" last="Park">Jeong-Hoo Park</name></country><country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Fares, Silvano" sort="Fares, Silvano" uniqKey="Fares S" first="Silvano" last="Fares">Silvano Fares</name></region><name sortKey="Loreto, Francesco" sort="Loreto, Francesco" uniqKey="Loreto F" first="Francesco" last="Loreto">Francesco Loreto</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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